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Editor’s letter Welcome archaeologycurrent Current Archaeology 209 (Vol XVIII No. 5) May/June 2007 Editorial Issue editor: Neil Faulkner Editors in chief: Andrew & Wendy Selkirk Publisher: Robert Selkirk Business manager: Libby Selkirk Current Publishing, Barley Mow Centre 10 Barley Mow Passage, London W4 4PH Tel: 08456 44 77 07 (office hours) 0208 819 5580 Fax: 08456 44 77 08 email: editor@archaeology.co.uk web: www.archaeology.co.uk Current Archaeology is published 6 times a year for a subscription of £20 for 6 issues. Single issues £4 each (overseas £5) Foreign subscriptions £25 or US$40. Subscriptions Subscriptions should be sent to: Current Publishing, Barley Mow Centre 10 Barley Mow Passage, London W4 4PH Tel: 08456 44 77 07 (office hours) Fax: 08456 44 77 08 Subs queries to: subs@archaeology.co.uk Web subs: www.archaeology.co.uk Back issues: £4 each (1-6, 8, 11, 14, 16, 18, 24, 38, 49, 62, 73, 75, 116, 1189, 124-131, 133-141, 151-157 out of print). Binders: (to hold 12 copies) £10 (Small binders for issues 1-120 available) Design Think Publishing, The Pall Mall Deposit, 124-128 Barlby Road, London W10 6BL. Tel: 020 8962 3020 www.thinkpublishing.co.uk Printed in the EU by TGC Print Unauthorised reproduction in whole or part is prohibited without written permission. The publisher, editor and authors accept no responsibility in respect of any products, goods or services which may be advertised or referred to in this issue. Every effort has been made to secure permission for copyright material. In the event of any material being used inadvertently or where it has proved impossible to trace the copyright owner, acknowledgement will be made in a future issue. 03070613 Radiocarbon dating revolutionised the study of prehistory. Then it was discovered you had to calibrate dates or you could be centuries out: calibration was the second radiocarbon revolution. Now there is a third. Bayesian statistics are narrowing radiocarbon date-ranges down to a fraction of what they were. Suddenly, prehistoric chronologies have stopped being ‘fuzzy’ and we can see what was happening at specific moments in time 6,000 years ago. The first results of a major new dating programme – for five Neolithic long-barrows – have just been published. Our first main feature this issue is a full report on the third radiocarbon dating revolution. Then we look back. Ros Niblett is one of the top figures from the postwar generation of field archaeologists. Her work transformed our knowledge of two major Roman towns – Colchester and Verulamium. As she retires from full-time employment as St Albans District Archaeologist, we profile Ros and her five decades of urban archaeology. We stay with the Romans in our third feature. Here we challenge everyone who thinks tile is dull. Peter Warry has made a special study of Roman tile, and, as he explains, it is packed with information about dates, construction methods, building function, and even Roman-style privatisation. Many feel the Roman mind-set is more familiar to us than the medieval. Certainly there are mysteries locked up in some medieval art. Sally Mittuch has been studying some of the most enigmatic of the 1000 or so stunning 14th century stone bosses that adorn Norwich Cathedral. The result is an extraordinary window into medieval conceptions of death and resurrection. Our last feature takes us back again to the Neolithic. Digging beneath the runway of a Second World War airfield, archaeologists have found a huge 2.75 hectare enclosure formed of over 2000 timber posts. Why did Neolithic people create such things? A nearby mound may have been a viewing platform. Is it a clue to what went on in the enclosure? Regulars include News, Books, Last Word, and Letters. But we also have a debate between Cei Paynton of the Portable Antiquities Scheme and Andrew Selkirk, CA’s Editor-in-Chief, on what we should do about the sale of antiquities. Finally, we present our guide to archaeological fieldwork opportunities in Britain. Take a look through to discover all the great new projects as well as ongoing digs that welcome volunteers. Let us know of any more that should be added, and if you join one of those listed, we would love to hear about your experience. A dating revolution, a medieval mystery, a hot debate, a summer of digs to join, and much more: it is a packed issue. Good reading! Neil Faulkner 2 209 archaeologycurrent P H O T O : E S T H E R S M E D V I G
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Contents 9 The new radiocarbon dating revolution Full coverage of the breakthrough that is transforming prehistory. 21 Ros Niblett: five decades digging Profile of veteran excavator of Colchester and Verulamium. 27 Roman tile: hard-core or hard data? New research that shows how much we learn from the most common finds of all. 34 Medieval art of death and resurrection Painted stone bosses in Norwich Cathedral cloister tell the story of the soul’s journey into the afterlife. 43 A grandstand view A giant Neolithic timber enclosure revealed beneath a wartime airfield in North Yorkshire. 54 I love the past Digging supplement and guide to fieldwork in Britain. 41 Regulars 4 News George III was here … Kew Palace reopens; Blitzed cinema listed; Metal-detectors: RESCUE replies to David Lammy; Medieval arts treasures go on display in London; More heritage cuts to fund Olympics; Forgotten battle relived. 31 Books Rome’s First Frontier, Inscribed Across the Landscape, Ancient Obscenities, Discovering Medieval Houses, The Megalithic Monuments of Britain and Ireland, The Archaeologist’s Field Companion. 41 Opinion Cei Paynton and Andrew Selkirk debate the sale of antiquities. 48 Last Word The amphitheatres conference at Chester; the government White Paper on Heritage Protection; and Peter Kemmis Betty retires from Tempus books. 52 Letters The Sun and the Stones; Timber rot; Saxons at Leicester; Caesar at Camulodunum; Quakers at New Shoreham; Who was St Chad?; St Chad and the angels. 27 Contents 9 21 34 43 archaeologycurrent 3 209

Contents

9 The new radiocarbon dating revolution Full coverage of the breakthrough that is transforming prehistory.

21 Ros Niblett: five decades digging Profile of veteran excavator of Colchester and Verulamium.

27 Roman tile: hard-core or hard data? New research that shows how much we learn from the most common finds of all.

34 Medieval art of death and resurrection Painted stone bosses in Norwich Cathedral cloister tell the story of the soul’s journey into the afterlife.

43 A grandstand view A giant Neolithic timber enclosure revealed beneath a wartime airfield in North Yorkshire.

54 I love the past Digging supplement and guide to fieldwork in Britain. 41 Regulars 4 News George III was here … Kew Palace reopens; Blitzed cinema listed; Metal-detectors: RESCUE replies to David Lammy; Medieval arts treasures go on display in London; More heritage cuts to fund Olympics; Forgotten battle relived.

31 Books Rome’s First Frontier, Inscribed Across the Landscape, Ancient Obscenities, Discovering Medieval Houses, The Megalithic Monuments of Britain and Ireland, The Archaeologist’s Field Companion.

41 Opinion Cei Paynton and Andrew Selkirk debate the sale of antiquities.

48 Last Word The amphitheatres conference at Chester; the government White Paper on Heritage Protection; and Peter Kemmis Betty retires from Tempus books.

52 Letters The Sun and the Stones; Timber rot; Saxons at Leicester; Caesar at Camulodunum; Quakers at New Shoreham; Who was St Chad?; St Chad and the angels.

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