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CONTENTS Features The cast of Oskar Schlemmer’s Triadic Ballet, an avantgarde Bauhaus dance performance, photographed in 1927. This issue, we explore the art school’s influence on a diverse range of form and media 16 THE BIG QUESTION Should museums return their treasures? J What should happen to global history’s contested artefacts? Experts share their views 26 America’s hidden empire J BY DANIEL IMMERWAHR The forgotten history of the United States’ imperial ambitions, and why they still matter 46 The first digital revolution J BY VIOLET MOLLER Why the evolution of Hindu-Arabic numerals enabled breakthroughs in trade and science 56 The Spanish Civil War J BY PAUL PRESTON How one commander’s actions led to tragedy in the final days of this bloody conflict 66 Bauhaus: design icons BY NINA WIEDEMEYER As the art school marks a century since it was founded, an art historian showcases six examples of its influence and diversity 80 America’s war on drugs: exporting the fight BY BENJAMIN T SMITH How President Nixon’s declaration of war on drugs shaped anti-narcotics action around the world – and why its legacy is still felt today 89 THE LONG READ From daggers to drones J BY JAMES ROGERS A history of the development of remote warfare – and a novel analysis of what it tells us about humanity J On the cover COVER ILLUSTRATION BY DAVIDE BONAZZI IN I V B E R L B A U H A U S A R C H 4
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CONTRIBUTORS /A L A M Y I T T M A N N I A D M A A R TJ E T E R H O R S T/ PA M E L A K R AY E N B U H L /A N A S TA S THEBRIEFING 6 Viewpoints: Roel Sterckx on the need to understand China’s long history, Kate Ravilious on a recent ice age, and Tim Mackintosh-Smith on Arabian politics 11 The Interview: Rutger Bregman on the importance of public history J 14 History Headlines: Discoveries and developments in the world of history CULTURE 96 Agenda: The latest exhibitions and fi lms JOURNEYS 1 0 0 In the footsteps of… A Roman general’s journey to Egypt by Guy de la Bédoyère 1 0 8 Global City: Fès, Morocco by Paul Bloomfield 1 1 0 Wonders of the World: Sagrada Família, Spain by Paul Bloomfield REGULARS 36 A Y e a r i n P i c t u r e s : 1973 by Richard Overy 54 E x t r a o r d i n a r y P e o p l e : Lata Brandisová by Richard Askwith 74 P e r s p e c t i v e s : The 1879 Anglo-Zulu War by Ian Beckett J 1 1 4 Museum of the World: A painting of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre by Zareer Masani 24 Subscribe to BBC World Histories – enjoy the latest issue FREE with a 14-daytrialdigital subscription Free issue Expert voices from the world of history Rutger Bregman “I think history is one of the most subversive sciences: it shows us that things can be different – that there’s nothing inevitable about the way things are right now,” says the historian and writer. On page 11 he discusses how he ruffled feathers at the World Economics Forum, and why historians should speak truth to power. Daniel Immerwahr On page 26, the associate professor of history at Northwestern University, Illinois explores the United States’ now largely forgotten imperial ambitions, which resulted in a scattering of overseas territories. “Some four million people live in them,” he says, “four million people who can’t vote in presidential elections.” Ti any Jenkins Arguments rage about the ‘return’ of museum treasures such as the Elgin Marbles – but do such artefacts really belong to any particular time and place? As author and academic Tiffany Jenkins argues on page 16, “Culture doesn’t have a fixed nationality. It’s not like a person who needs a passport.” Zareer Masani In our Museum of the World feature on page 114, historian, author and broadcaster Zareer Masani examines a depiction of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre that took place in Amritsar in 1919. “This painting raises important questions about the massacre and its place in Indian politics,” he says. Nina Wiedemeyer On page 66, Nina Wiedemeyer – art historian and curator of a new centenary exhibition about the Bauhaus design school – introduces a sextet of its most influential pieces, some of which “were created as part of the school’s system of dual apprenticeship: one part craftsmanship, one part artistic expression,” she explains. CONTACT US (Full details on page 73) SUBSCRIPTIONS Email bbcworldhistories@buysubscriptions.com Phone UK: 03330 160 708 – Overseas: +44 1604 212832 EDITORIAL Email worldhistories@histor yextra.com Phone +44 117 314 7377 Website histor yextra.com/worldhistories Twitter twitter.com/histor yextra 5

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CONTENTS Features

The cast of Oskar Schlemmer’s Triadic Ballet, an avantgarde Bauhaus dance performance, photographed in 1927. This issue, we explore the art school’s influence on a diverse range of form and media

16 THE BIG QUESTION

Should museums return their treasures? J

What should happen to global history’s contested artefacts? Experts share their views 26 America’s hidden empire J

BY DANIEL IMMERWAHR The forgotten history of the United States’ imperial ambitions, and why they still matter 46 The first digital revolution J

BY VIOLET MOLLER Why the evolution of Hindu-Arabic numerals enabled breakthroughs in trade and science 56 The Spanish Civil War J

BY PAUL PRESTON How one commander’s actions led to tragedy in the final days of this bloody conflict

66 Bauhaus: design icons BY NINA WIEDEMEYER As the art school marks a century since it was founded, an art historian showcases six examples of its influence and diversity 80 America’s war on drugs: exporting the fight BY BENJAMIN T SMITH How President Nixon’s declaration of war on drugs shaped anti-narcotics action around the world – and why its legacy is still felt today 89

THE LONG READ

From daggers to drones J

BY JAMES ROGERS A history of the development of remote warfare – and a novel analysis of what it tells us about humanity

J On the cover

COVER ILLUSTRATION BY DAVIDE BONAZZI

IN

I V B E R L

B A U H A U S A R C H

4

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