Index game trees 80-1
philosophy 17, 138
Genghis 147-9
Physical Symbol Systems
Hypothesis (PSSH) 43,
graceful degradation 108
aboutness 64
44, 51, 53,88
activation units 104-5
Pitts, Walter 38, 102
Harnard, Steven 122-5
agents 4-5
Heidegger, Martin 139-41 poverty of the stimulus 33
collections of 149
program, right 44, 57, 58
Hermeneutics 20
Alien-Al 8
psychology 14-16
heuristics 84
axons 101, 104
Hobbes, Thomas 88
quantum gravity 62-3
Behaviourism 14
imitation game 45, 50
behaviours 146, 148
robotics 34, 145-7, 157, 170
immortality 11
blocks world 77, 94
behaviour-based 145
intelligence 24-5
bottom-up design 144
intelligent action, theory of 44 robots brain autonomous 26, 27
computer metaphor 19, 41 intentionality 64-5
as computing device 38
Brain Prosthesis 59
brittleness 90
cognitive 93
Kasparov, Garry 83, 85, 86 universal 163-5, 170
knowledge 87-92
robustness 108, 130, 160
Brooks, R. 126, 134, 142-7
language 32-3, 34, 152 Samuel, Arthur 78-9
caenorhabditis elegans 71-2 Leibniz, G.W. 89, 91
checkers programs 78-9, 113 Lenat, Doug 9, 90-2
chess computers 83-7
Chinese Gym 120-1
Loebner prize 48
logic , as thought 88-9
Chomsky, Noam 32-3, 34, 47 logic gates 38
Clever Hans 30-1
scalability 130
Searle, John 51-4 , 57, 58
Searle's Chinese Room
51-3 , 119
self-organization 55, 121,
154-5
cognition 32, 34, 66, 70, 102, McCulloch, Warren 38, 102 sense-model-plan-act 95,
172
132,137,145
machine learning 11 0
mechanized 171
sense-think-act 67
machine translation 74
cognitive modelling 69, 173 machinery, right 57, 58
Shakey 67-8, 77, 93-9, 132
cognitive psychology 15, 16 Maturana, Humberto A.
cognitive science 16, 66
cognitivism 35, 40, 66
complex behaviour 28
computation 35, 36, 40
135-7
Simon, H. 15,22,23,43
situatedness 143
micro-worlds 76--7, 129, Sony Dream Robot 159-62
143,173
Steels, Luc 147-55, 162
mimicry of life 26-7
Strong Al 5, 9-11, 166
computer metaphor 19, 41 mind-body problem 18-19, superhuman intelligence 12 connectionism 100, 110, 118 22 symbol grounding 122-5 consciousness 64 mind-children 166 symbolic representations 114 cybernetics 26 Minsky, Marvin 6, 169 CYC project 90-2, 131 Moravec, Hans 59, 157, Talking Heads 150-5, 162 Descartes, Rene 18 163-6, 170 tic-tac-toe 80-83 Dreyfus, Hubert 139-40 Muller-Lyer illusion 75 Transhumanists 11 dualism 58 Turing, Alan 36--7, 45, 78, 118
neural computation 102 Turing machine 36-7, 39, 40
Elsie 28-9, 31, 68, 93,143 neural networks 103-5
embodiment 142
emergence 55-6, 121
learning in 111-13
new Al 128, 142, 171-2
environment 32-4, 127-9 Newell, Allen 22, 43
evaluation functions 84
non-cognitive behaviour
Turing test 46, 48,50
understanding, emerging 56
universal computation 39
unorganized machines 118
evolution 133-4, 166-9, 172 136-7 Extropians 9 non-computable operations Varela, Francisco J. 135-7
61-2
von Osten, Wilhelm 30-1
finite control 37 Fodor, Jerry 75, 126
ontology 20, 153
formalism 139
functionalism 42, 57
parallelism 107
future predictions 156-73 Penrose, Roger 60-3
Walter, W.G. 26-9, 31, 68
Weak Al 7
Wittgenstein, L. 116, 138-40
