Jobs, Steve 333 John, King of England 238–9 John II, of Portugal 254–6 Judaism 164, 172–3 Jurassic Period 26, 55 Jurchens 217 Justinian I, Emperor 226–7

KKaaba, Mecca 201 karma 143–4 al-Khwarizmi 211 al-Kindi 211 King, Martin Luther, Jr. 329, 330 Koran, the 202, 207 Korea 148, 206, 285, 324 Kublai Khan 223, 255

LLegalism 149 Lenin, Vladimir 306 Leo III, Pope 228 Liangzhu civilisation 132 Lidar 187 Lincoln, Abraham 301, 302 Lombards 227, 228 Longshan civilisation 132 Louis XVI, of France 278 “Lucy” 78–80 Luther, Martin 264, 265–6

MMagellan, Ferdinand 264 magma 21 Magna Carta 238–9 mammals 30, 52, 65–7, 69–71; extinction of 95–8 Mandela, Nelson 331 Marie Antoinette, queen 278 Marx, Karl 306, 323 Mary, Virgin 172, 201 mass production 281–2, 291 Maurya Empire 147–8 Maya, the 184–7, 194, 196, 211, 260 Mecca 201, 203 medicine 213, 318 Mehmed II, Sultan 244, 245 Merneptah Stele 162 metal 102, 132, 136, 137–9 see gold; iron; silver meteorites 49

meteors 68 Mexico 178, 179 see also Aztecs; Maya; Olmecs Mezquita, the 209 Michelangelo 212 Milky Way, the 12, 15, 20, 293 Minoan civilisation 128–9 Moctezuma II, Aztec ruler 260, 261 Mohenjo Daro 123 money 103, 123, 253 Mongolia/Mongols 219–23, 242, 286, 305 monkeys 70–71 monotheism 164 Moon, the 17, 273, 275, 325, 333–4, 337 Morse, Samuel 287 Moses 163, 202 Muhammad, prophet 201–3, 207 mummification 94, 118–20, 125 Musa, Mansa, king of Mali 210, 211 Musk, Elon 325 Muslims 201–3, 206–10, 235–6, 243–7, 256, 285–6 scholars 207–8, 213–14, 272

NNapoleon Bonaparte 279–80 Nasca Lines 189–91 Natufians 99–100, 102, 161 Nazis 308, 309, 310, 312 Neanderthals 84–7, 90, 91, 92 nectar 61, 63 Newton, Sir Isaac 274–5, 293 New Zealand 331 Nicholas II, Tsar 306 Nile River 113, 114, 115, 163 Nineveh 110, 111 Normans 233 Norte Chico, Peru 125–6, 128 Nubians 115–17, 137 nuclear power/weapons 293, 323–4 numbers 111–12, 132, 181, 211–12

Ooceans 18–19, 20, 21, 22, 27–31 Odoacer 175 oil 290 olives 154, 160, 196 Olmecs 180–84 Olympic games 155, 159, 183 oracle bones 136–7

Ordovician Period 26, 27, 31 Otto I, holy Roman Emperor 229 Ottoman Empire 244–5, 247 Ötzi the Iceman 94–5 oxygen 19, 20, 39, 44, 320

PPalaeozoic Era 25, 26, 27 Pangaea 45, 49 paper 132, 204–7, 211, 214, 217, 320 Parks, Rosa 328, 329 Patuxet, the 268–9 Pearl Harbor 310, 311 Permian Mass Extinction 31, 47, 49, 52, 65 Persepolis 164, 165, 167 Persia 164–5, 166, 167, 203, 235 Peru see Inca, the; Norte Chico Peter the Great, Tsar 305 pharaohs 108, 114, 115, 116, 117, 120, 121, 122–3, 128, 163 Philip II, of Macedon 166 Phoenicians 161, 162, 168 photosynthesis 19, 34, 36, 39 Pilgrim Fathers 266, 267–9 Pizarro, Francisco 259, 262, 263 placoderms 30–31, 39 plague, bubonic 227, 240–42 plants 34, 35, 36, 41–3, 69, 320–21 flowering 60–62 plastic 316–319 plate tectonics 20–2 Pleistocene Extinction 93, 95–8 polar bears 74, 195 pollen 61, 63 Polo, Marco 255 Popol Vuh, the 184–5 population 318–19, 334 European 227–8, 234, 240, 242, 297 Portugal 251–7, 258, 259 pottery, Greek 155 primates 70–71 Princip, Gavrilo 304 printing 132, 214–17, 265 Prometheus 81 Protestantism 264–7, 273 pyramids 114, 117, 121, 125, 184, 187, 188

QQianlong, Emperor 286 Qin Shi Huang 148–50, 204 quipu 126, 127, 191–2

. 350 .