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188 Fiona Beglane and Jerr y O’Sullivan (Fig. 8a) is from the William Wakeman Collection curated by Sligo County Library. Thomas Cummins, University College Dublin, kindly supplied images of the cliff face (2005 details in Figs 5 and 6) taken during his Ph.D fieldwork, and Ciaran Davis supplied images of the cliff face from 2015.A geophysical survey of the site in 2000 was carried out by GeoArc Ltd Surveys, and excavation since 2012 was assisted by staff and student volunteers from the Institute of Technology, Sligo: Gareth Boyle, Seamus Canty, Federica Casari, Ciarán Davis, Eithne Davis, Chantal Doyle, Elizabeth Dunne, Michael Feeney, Conor Foster, John Langan, Dan Lonergan, Edward Lynch, Sam Moore and Louise Murray, as well as by community member Seán Gallagher. He, along with other local residents Dominic Currid, Donal Gilroy and Leo Leyden, and other members of the Grange and Armada Development Association have been active both in reporting storm damage and rescuing artefacts eroded from the cliff face. The work would not have been possible without funding from the Heritage Council, the National Monuments Service, IT Sligo Capacity Building Fund and the Royal Irish Academy. The authors’ work on this paper was supported by the Centre for Environmental Research Innovation and Sustainability, Institute of Technology, Sligo, and Transport Infrastructure Ireland. BIBLIOGRAPHY Andreou, G.M. 2018. Monitoring the impact of coastal erosion on archaeological sites: the Cyprus Ancient Shoreline Project. Antiquity 92 (361), 1–6 (https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2018.1). Allingham, H. 1897. Captain Cuellar’s adventures in Connacht and Ulster, AD 1588. Robert Crawford, London. Beglane, F. 2018. Final report on excavation licence no. 17E0317 at Staad, Agharrow, Co. Sligo. SL005193 and SL005-022. Unpublished report for the National Monuments Service. Bentley, B. and McCormick, F. 1994. Palaeo- environmental investigations at Staad Abbey, County Sligo. Unpublished report for Queen’s University, Belfast. Bolton, J. 2009. An assessment of the vulnerability of coastal stone monuments in Ireland. Unpublished Ph.D thesis, Dublin Institute of Technology. Bonsall, J. and Dowd, M. 2017. Emerging from the waves: a Late Bronze Age intertidal saltwater fulacht fia at Coney Island, Co. Sligo. Journal of Irish Archaeology 24, 79–95. Bonsall, J. and Moore, S. 2017. The MASC project (Monitoring the Archaeology of Sligo’s Coastline): engaging local stakeholder groups to monitor vulnerable coastal archaeology in Ireland. In T. Dawson, C. Nimura, E. Lopez-Romero and M.-Y. Dair (eds), Public archaeology and climate change, 62– 71. Oxbow, Oxford. CHERISH (n.d.). CHERISH Climate Change and Coastal Heritage (http://www.cherishproject.eu/ en/; accessed 21 June 2020). Daly, C. 2011. Climate change and the conservation of archaeological sites: a review of impacts theory. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 13 (4), 293–310. Daly, C. 2019. Built and archaeological heritage climate change sectoral adaptation plan. Department of Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, Dublin (https://www.chg.gov.ie/her i t age/climatechange/the-built-and-archaeological-heritageclimate-change-sectoral-adaptation-plan/; accessed 30 June 2020). Dawson, T. 2005. Coastal archaeology and erosion in Scotland. Historic Scotland, Edinburgh. Dawson, T. 2013. Erosion and coastal archaeology: evaluating the threat and prioritising action. In M.Y. Daire, C. Dupont, M. Baudry et al. (eds), Anciens peuplements littoraux et relations Homme/Milieu sur les côtes de l’Europe atlantique / Ancient maritime communities and the relationship between people and environment along the European Atlantic coasts, 73–80. British Archaeological Reports, International Series 2570. BAR Publishing, Oxford. Discovery Programme 2017. Launch of the Cherish Project (http://www.discoveryprogramme.ie/news/ 260-launch-of-the-cherish-project; accessed 21 June 2020). Down Survey: The Down Survey of Ireland (http://downsurvey.tcd.ie/; accessed 1 November 2016). Edwards, R. and O’Sullivan, A. 2008. A vulnerability assessment of Ireland’s coastal archaeological heritage. Unpublished report for the Heritage Council. Gontz, A.M., Maio, C.V., Wagenknecht, E.K. and Berkland, E.P. 2011. Assessing threatened coastal sites: applications of ground-penetrating radar and geographic information systems. Journal of Cultural Heritage 12, 451–8. Gwynn,A. and Hadcock, R.N. 1970. Medieval religious houses: Ireland. Longman, London. Harmsen, H., Hollesen, J., Madsen, C.K., Albrechtsen, B., Myrup, M. and Matthiesen, H. 2018. A ticking clock? Preservation and management of Greenland’s archaeological heritage in the twentyfirst century. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 20 (4), 175–98.
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A vanishing medieval church site on Ireland’s Atlantic coast 189 HED 2016. Historic monuments. Historic Environment Division, Department of Communities, Northern Ireland (www.communities-ni.gov.uk/articles/ scheduled-monuments; accessed 9 August 2016). Hunt, A. 2011. English Heritage coastal estate risk assessment. English Heritage, Portsmouth. Kelly, B. and Stack, M. 2009. Climate change, heritage and tourism. Implications for Ireland’s coast and inland waterways. Heritage Council and Fáilte Ireland, Kilkenny. Kominz, M.A. 2001. Sea level variations over geologic time. In J.H. Steele (ed.), Encyclopedia of ocean sciences, 185–93. Academic Press. McCormick, F. and O’Sullivan, J. 2000. Staad Abbey, Co. Sligo. Licence No. 00E235. Report on postexcavation analyses and preliminary historical research following survey and excavations in April and May 2000. Unpublished report for the National Monuments Service. McCormick, F. and O’Sullivan, J. 2001. Staad Abbey, Co. Sligo. Licence No. 00E235 (cont.). Summary report on excavations in September 2001. Unpublished report for the National Monuments Service. Miller, S.E. and Murray, E.J. 2018. Heritage monitoring scouts: engaging the public to monitor sites at risk across Florida. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 20 (4), 234–60. National Trust Northern Ireland 2007. Shifting shores: living with a changing coastline. The National Trust, Ballynahinch. NMS 2020. Historic Environment Viewer. National Monuments Service (http://webgis.archaeology.ie/ historicenvironment/; accessed 9 January 2020). O’Sullivan, J. 2010. Staad Abbey, a pilgrimage chapel in County Sligo. In M. Davies, U. MacConville and G. Cooney (eds), A grand gallimaufry collected in honour of Nick Maxwell, 202–6. Wordwell, Dublin. O’Sullivan, J. and Ó Carragáin, T. 2008. Inishmurray: monks and pilgrims in an Atlantic landscape. Collins Press, Cork. Pourkerman, M., Marriner, N., Morhangea, C. et al. 2018. Tracking shoreline erosion of ‘at risk’ coastal archaeology: the example of ancient Siraf (Iran, Persian Gulf). Applied Geography 101, 45–55. Shennan, I., Bradley, S. and Edwards, R. 2018. Relative sea-level changes and crustal movements in Britain and Ireland since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews 188, 143–59. Siggins, L. 2015. Archaeologist calls for State remedial unit after Storm Rachel coastal erosion. Irish Times, 19 January 2015. Wakeman,W.F. 1893 [1892]. A survey of the antiquarian remains on the island of Inishmurray. Williams and Norgate, London and Edinburgh. Westley, K. and McNeary, R. 2014. Assessing the impact of coastal erosion on archaeological sites: a case study from Northern Ireland. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 16 (3), 185–211. Woodroffe, C.D. 2007. The natural resilience of coastal systems: primary concepts. In L. McFadden, E. Penning-Rowsell and R. Nicholls (eds), Managing coastal vulnerability, 45–60. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

A vanishing medieval church site on Ireland’s Atlantic coast 189

HED 2016. Historic monuments. Historic Environment

Division, Department of Communities, Northern Ireland (www.communities-ni.gov.uk/articles/ scheduled-monuments; accessed 9 August 2016). Hunt, A. 2011. English Heritage coastal estate risk assessment. English Heritage, Portsmouth. Kelly, B. and Stack, M. 2009. Climate change, heritage and tourism. Implications for Ireland’s coast and inland waterways. Heritage Council and Fáilte Ireland, Kilkenny. Kominz, M.A. 2001. Sea level variations over geologic time. In J.H. Steele (ed.), Encyclopedia of ocean sciences, 185–93. Academic Press. McCormick, F. and O’Sullivan, J. 2000. Staad Abbey,

Co. Sligo. Licence No. 00E235. Report on postexcavation analyses and preliminary historical research following survey and excavations in April and May 2000. Unpublished report for the National Monuments Service. McCormick, F. and O’Sullivan, J. 2001. Staad Abbey,

Co. Sligo. Licence No. 00E235 (cont.). Summary report on excavations in September 2001. Unpublished report for the National Monuments Service. Miller, S.E. and Murray, E.J. 2018. Heritage monitoring scouts: engaging the public to monitor sites at risk across Florida. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 20 (4), 234–60. National Trust Northern Ireland 2007. Shifting shores:

living with a changing coastline. The National Trust, Ballynahinch. NMS 2020. Historic Environment Viewer. National

Monuments Service (http://webgis.archaeology.ie/ historicenvironment/; accessed 9 January 2020). O’Sullivan, J. 2010. Staad Abbey, a pilgrimage chapel in County Sligo. In M. Davies, U. MacConville and G. Cooney (eds), A grand gallimaufry collected in honour of Nick Maxwell, 202–6. Wordwell, Dublin. O’Sullivan, J. and Ó Carragáin, T. 2008. Inishmurray:

monks and pilgrims in an Atlantic landscape. Collins Press, Cork. Pourkerman, M., Marriner, N., Morhangea, C. et al.

2018. Tracking shoreline erosion of ‘at risk’ coastal archaeology: the example of ancient Siraf (Iran, Persian Gulf). Applied Geography 101, 45–55. Shennan, I., Bradley, S. and Edwards, R. 2018. Relative sea-level changes and crustal movements in Britain and Ireland since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews 188, 143–59. Siggins, L. 2015. Archaeologist calls for State remedial unit after Storm Rachel coastal erosion. Irish Times, 19 January 2015. Wakeman,W.F. 1893 [1892]. A survey of the antiquarian remains on the island of Inishmurray. Williams and Norgate, London and Edinburgh. Westley, K. and McNeary, R. 2014. Assessing the impact of coastal erosion on archaeological sites: a case study from Northern Ireland. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 16 (3), 185–211. Woodroffe, C.D. 2007. The natural resilience of coastal systems: primary concepts. In L. McFadden, E. Penning-Rowsell and R. Nicholls (eds), Managing coastal vulnerability, 45–60. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

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