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CONTENTS .... ____ -· - ISSUE 379 ISSUE 379 (Vol. XXXII, No. 7) ❙ October 2021 20 FEATURES 20 ANCHOR CHURCH The refuge of a 9th-century royal religious recluse? Recent analysis of the Anchor Church cave, long-thought to have been the remains of an 18th-century folly, has revealed that it may have early medieval origins. 24 BIRDOSWALD Exploring a Roman town on Hadrian’s Wall This summer, CA visited a new project excvating the extra-mural settlement at Birdoswald Roman fort. What has been discovered so far? 28 BREWING UP HISTORY Unearthing evidence for middle-Saxon malting at Sedgeford Now in its 25th digging season, the Sedgeford Historical and Archaeological Research Project continues to make exciting finds at an Anglo-Saxon settlement in Norfolk. 32 THE INDUSTRIAL SUBLIME Appreciating the Slate Landscape of Northwest Wales We take a tour of the most-recent UK addition to UNESCO's list of World Heritage sites, the Slate Landscape of Northwest Wales, whose rich history combines natural and man-made features. 42 SUSSEX PAST AND PRESENT Tracing the origins of a 175-year-old archaeology society The Sussex Archaeological Society is one of the oldest county-based archaeology societies in the UK. We explore how it was created following a dramatic discovery in the Victorian period, and the sites in its care today. 47 THE LONG MAN OF WILMINGTON Memorialising a Sussex martyr? Recent research into the enigmatic hill figure at Wilmington has revealed evidence for a Tudor date, as well as a possible political meaning behind its design. 50 LISTED AND LOST Cultural World Heritage sites in the UK UK landmarks were both added to and removed from the register of World Heritage sites this year. Here we consider those changes and take a look at the other UNESCO-recognised sites in the UK and beyond. 50 42 4 CuITent Arcboeology OCTOBER 2021
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UPFRONT 3 EDITOR’S LETTER 6 LETTERS Your comments, complaints, and compliments 8 NEWS Early origins of Arthur’s Stone uncovered; Revealing a rich prehistoric landscape at Biddenham; Digging returns to the Ness of Brodgar; Three new Treasure finds in Wales; Roman origins revealed for statue of Alfred the Great; Science Notes; A ‘lost’ AngloSaxon monastery discovered in Berkshire; Finds Tray 14 NEWS FOCUS Rock legends: the earliest family photo from Stonehenge? 16 COMMENT Joe Flatman excavates the CA archive 18 CONTEXT Cromwell’s mansion: Austin Friars, City of London 58 66 60 10 10 CONTENTS - 14 18 CULTURE 54 REVIEWS Brickmaking: history and heritage; Belonging and Belongings: portable artefacts and identity in the civitas of the Iceni; The Viking Great Army and the Making of England; Cumbria’s Prehistoric Monuments; Mammoths and Neanderthals in the Thames Valley: excavations at Stanton Harcourt, Oxfordshire; 50 Finds from Buckinghamshire: objects from the Portable Antiquities Scheme 58 EXHIBITION John Pull: Worthing’s hero archaeologist at Worthing Museum and Art Gallery 60 HERITAGE FROM HOME A selection of sites that have recently reopened, as well as plenty of historical, archaeological, and cultural resources from around the world that are still available online 64 SHERDS Chris Catling’s irreverent take on heritage issues 66 ODD SOCS Issue 379 ❙ October 2021 ❙ £5.25 The Red Phone Box and Post Box Appreciation Society ON THE COVER The Ynysypandy slate mill, part of the UK's newest World Heritage Site. THE UK’S BEST-SELLING ARCHAEOLOGY MAGAZINE Relics of slate-working in north-west Wales Relics of slate-working eReReReRelics of slate-working ReR of slate-wor in north-west Wales elics of slate-worki n north-west Wales elics of slate-worki of slate-wor th-west Wal of slate-wor in north-west Wales of slate-wor th-west Wal of slate-wor Relics of slate-working elics of slate-working in north-west Wales in north-west Wales Exploring the UK’s newest World Heritage Site xploring the UK’s newest World Heritage Site Exploring the UK’s newest World Heritage Site xploring the UK’s newest World Heritage Site CREDIT: RCAHMW PLUSPLUS ' ~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Anglo-Saxon malting at Sedgeford A 9th-century royal refuge near Repton? Excavating a Roman town at Birdoswald ❙ ❙ .25 £5 ❙ 379 Issue ISSUE 379 Current Archaeology 5

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CONTENTS

.... ____ -· -

ISSUE 379 ISSUE 379

(Vol. XXXII, No. 7) ❙ October 2021

20

FEATURES

20 ANCHOR CHURCH

The refuge of a 9th-century royal religious recluse? Recent analysis of the Anchor Church cave, long-thought to have been the remains of an 18th-century folly, has revealed that it may have early medieval origins. 24 BIRDOSWALD

Exploring a Roman town on Hadrian’s Wall This summer, CA visited a new project excvating the extra-mural settlement at Birdoswald Roman fort. What has been discovered so far? 28 BREWING UP HISTORY

Unearthing evidence for middle-Saxon malting at Sedgeford Now in its 25th digging season, the Sedgeford Historical and Archaeological Research Project continues to make exciting finds at an Anglo-Saxon settlement in Norfolk. 32 THE INDUSTRIAL SUBLIME

Appreciating the Slate Landscape of Northwest Wales We take a tour of the most-recent UK addition to UNESCO's list of World Heritage sites, the Slate Landscape of Northwest Wales, whose rich history combines natural and man-made features.

42 SUSSEX PAST AND PRESENT

Tracing the origins of a 175-year-old archaeology society The Sussex Archaeological Society is one of the oldest county-based archaeology societies in the UK. We explore how it was created following a dramatic discovery in the Victorian period, and the sites in its care today. 47 THE LONG MAN OF WILMINGTON

Memorialising a Sussex martyr? Recent research into the enigmatic hill figure at Wilmington has revealed evidence for a Tudor date, as well as a possible political meaning behind its design. 50 LISTED AND LOST

Cultural World Heritage sites in the UK UK landmarks were both added to and removed from the register of World Heritage sites this year. Here we consider those changes and take a look at the other UNESCO-recognised sites in the UK and beyond.

50

42

4

CuITent Arcboeology

OCTOBER 2021

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